特征多项式=行列式λ-4 -1 -20 λ-3 00 -1 λ-3按第一列展开即得(λ-4)(λ-3)^2所以特征值是3、4
|A-rE|=4-r,1,20,3-r,00,1,3-r=(3-r)x4-r,1,20,1,00,0,3-r=(3-r)²(4-r)=0r1=r2=3,r3=4